Overview of Knee Replacement Surgery

Knee replacement surgery has become a transformative solution for individuals grappling with chronic knee pain and joint degeneration. As medical advancements continue to refine surgical techniques and implant quality, the dependability of knee replacement surgery has significantly improved. However, like any major surgical procedure, knee replacement carries potential risks. Dr. Vivek Logani, Director – Orthopaedics, MS (Orthopedics), DNB (Orthopedics), MNAMS, MBBS, is a highly experienced specialist in knee replacement surgery, ensuring patient safety and optimal outcomes.

What is Knee Replacement Surgery?

Knee replacement surgery, or knee arthroplasty, involves replacing a damaged knee joint with an artificial implant to restore function and relieve pain. This surgery is particularly beneficial for individuals suffering from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or injuries that severely impact mobility. Despite its high success rate, understanding potential complications is crucial for making an informed decision.

Common Risks and Complications

Although knee replacement surgery is generally safe, some patients may experience complications. These can include:

• Infection: Post-surgical infections, though rare, can occur at the incision site or around the implant. Preventive measures such as sterile surgical environments, antibiotics, and proper wound care significantly reduce this risk.

• Blood Clots: Patients are at risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) after surgery. Blood-thinning medications, early mobilization, and compression devices help prevent these issues.

• Implant Wear and Loosening: Artificial knee implants are durable but may wear out or loosen over time, potentially requiring revision surgery.

• Nerve or Blood Vessel Damage: During surgery, there is a small chance of injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels, leading to numbness or circulation problems.

• Joint Stiffness and Limited Mobility: Some patients may experience stiffness post-surgery, but consistent physical therapy and rehabilitation can help restore motion.

• Allergic Reactions: Certain individuals may have allergic reactions to the metal components of the knee implant.

• Persistent Pain: While most patients experience substantial pain relief, some may continue to have discomfort due to scar tissue, inflammation, or implant misalignment.